August 31

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'''August 31''' is the 243rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (244th in leap years), with 122 days remaining, as the final day of August. {| align=right id=toc style="margin-left: 15px;" |- style="background:#ccccff" |colspan="7" align="center" bgcolor="#ccccff"| Jul – '''August''' – Sep |- style="background:#ccccff; text-align:center;" |width=14%| Su |width=14%| Mo |width=14%| Tu |width=14%| We |width=14%| Th |width=14%| Fr |width=14%| Sa |- style="text-align:center;" | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |- style="text-align:center;" | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 |- style="text-align:center;" | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 |- style="text-align:center;" | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 |- style="text-align:center;" | 29 | 30 | 31 ||colspan=4|   |- style="background:#ccccff" |colspan="7" align="center" bgcolor="#ccccff"| 2004 day arrangement
All days |} ==Events== *1056 - Byzantine Empress Theodora died suddenly without children to succeed the throne, ending the Macedonian dynasty *1864 - American Civil War: Union forces led by General William T. Sherman launched an assault on Atlanta, Georgia, defended by troops under Confederate General John Bell Hood. [1] *1876 - Ottoman sultan Murat V was deposed and succeeded by his brother Abd-ul-Hamid II. *1886 - Earthquake kills 100 in Charleston, South Carolina *1888 - Mary Ann Nichols is murdered. She is perhaps the first of Jack the Ripper's victims *1897 - Thomas Edison patents the Kinetoscope, the first movie camera *1907 - England, Russia and France form the Triple Entente *1920 - First radio news programme broadcast in Detroit, Michigan *1939 - Attack on Sender Gleiwitz: an excuse used by Nazi Germany to attack Poland the following day, starting World War II. *1943 - Commissioning of USS ''Harmon'', the first United States Navy ship to be named for an African American sailor. *1957 - Malaya gains independence from the United Kingdom *1962 - Trinidad and Tobago becomes independent *1978 - Symbionese Liberation Army founders William and Emily Harris plead guilty to 1974 kidnapping of newspaper heiress Patricia Hearst *1980 - Solidarity labor union formed in Poland *1985 - Richard Ramirez, the "Night Stalker" killer, is arrested in Los Angeles, California *1986 - An Aerom�xico Douglas DC-9 collides with a Piper PA-28 over Cerritos, California killing 82, including 15 on the ground *1989 - Buckingham Palace confirms that Princess Anne and Captain Mark Phillips are to be separated. *1991 - Kyrgyzstan declares independence from the USSR *1992 - Pascal Lissouba was inaugurated as the President of the Republic of the Congo after a multi-party presidential election, ending a long history of one-party Marxist rule. *1994 - Irish Republican Army declares a cease-fire *1997 - Diana, Princess of Wales dies in a car crash in Paris *1998 - North Korea reportedly launch their first satellite, Kwangmyongsong *1999 - The first of a series of Russian Apartment Bombings in Moscow, killed one person and wounded 40 others. *2004 - Mel Gibson's ''The Passion of the Christ'' is released on DVD and VHS in stores across the United States, selling approximately 4.1 million copies by the end of the day. ==Births== *12 - Gaius Caligula, Roman Emperor (d. 41) *161 - Commodus, Roman Emperor (d. 192) *1811 - Theophile Gautier, poet, novelist (d. 1872) *1834 - Amilcare Ponchielli, Italian composer *1870 - Maria Montessori, educator (d. 1952) *1878 - Frank Jarvis, American athlete (d. 1933) *1879 - Alma Mahler, composer (d. 1964) *1880 - Queen Wilhelmina I of the Netherlands (d. 1962) *1885 - DuBose Heyward, playwright (d. 1940) *1897 - Fredric March, actor (d. 1975) *1903 - Arthur Godfrey, television host (d. 1983) *1907 - William Shawn, editor *1907 - Ramon Magsaysay, Philippine president *1908 - William Saroyan, novelist, playwright (d. 1981) *1914 - Richard Basehart, actor (d. 1984) *1916 - Daniel Schorr, journalist *1918 - Alan Jay Lerner, composer *1924 - Buddy Hackett, actor, comedian *1928 - James Coburn, actor (d. 2002) *1935 - Frank Robinson, baseball player, manager *1935 - Eldridge Cleaver, political activist (d. 1998) *1938 - Martin Bell, British journalist and politician *1945 - Van Morrison, musician *1945 - Itzhak Perlman, musician *1948 - Lowell Ganz, screenwriter and TV sitcom creator/writer *1949 - Richard Gere, actor *1949 - H. David Politzer, physicist *1958 - Edwin Moses, Olympic Games gold medalist in track and field *1968 - Todd Carty, British actor *1970 - Debbie Gibson, singer *1972 - Chris Tucker, actor ==Deaths== *651 - Saint Aidan of Lindisfarne, Irish bishop and missionary. *1422 - Henry V of England, king *1688 - John Bunyan, poet *1867 - Charles Baudelaire, writer *1888 - Mary Ann Nicholls, first confirmed victim of Jack the Ripper *1941 - Marina Tsvetaeva, poet *1969 - Rocky Marciano, boxer *1973 - John Ford, film director *1979 - Sally Rand, stripper *1985 - Frank Macfarlane Burnet, biologist *1986 - Henry Moore, sculptor *1986 - Urho Kekkonen, president of Finland *1997 - Diana, Princess of Wales *1997 - Dodi Fayed, film producer *2002 - Lionel Hampton, vibraphone virtuoso (b. 1908) *2004 - Carl Wayne, singer ==Holidays and observances== * Malaysia: National Day * Independence Day for Trinidad and Tobago (1962) * Moldova: Day of Our Language (Limba Noastra) ----- August 30 - September 1 - July 31 - September 30 -- listing of all days {| border="0" id="toc" style="margin: 0 auto" align=center |align=center| January | February | March | April | May | June | July | August | September | October | November | December |} af:08-31 bg:31 август be:31 жніўня ca:31 d'agost cs:31. srpen cy:31 Awst da:31. august de:31. August et:31. august es:31 de agosto eo:31-a de aŭgusto fr:31 ao�t fy:31 augustus ko:8월 31일 hr:31. kolovoza is:31. �g�st it:31 agosto he:31 באוגוסט ku:31'� gelaw�j� lt:Rugpjūčio 31 lb:31. August hu:Augusztus 31 nl:31 augustus ja:8月31日 no:31. august oc:31 d'agost pl:31 sierpnia pt:31 de Agosto ro:31 august ru:31 августа sl:31. avgust sr:31. август fi:31. elokuuta sv:31 augusti tr:31 Ağustos uk:31 серпня wa:31 d' awousse zh:8月31日